Māori Grammar

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Te Reo Māori Level 1
Ka used to indicate the past - ka

Typically, the tense marker ka is used to indicate that something will happen in the future. However, when telling a story, ka is often used to indicate that something happened next. Usually this will be in a situation where we have already established that the events are in the past. In the following example, the word inanahi sets the event in the past, and therefore ka is translated as a past event:

Inanahi, ka haere au ki Te Tai Rāwhiti.
Yesterday, I went to town.

Ka riro i te hai hāte a Paki.
It was taken by Paki's ace of hearts.

Ka kite ia i te tīwaiwaka.
He sees the fantail.

Ka hoki ake anō te kotiro ki te .
The girl returned once more to the pā.

Ka kīa e te tatamariki he mea mahi ki te mākutu.
The young people said it was done with black magic.

Ka mai tētahi wahine anō me te mere pounamu i te ringa.
Another woman stood and came forward with a greenstone mere in her hand.

Ka rongo a Rangi i te whakapū ahi.
Rangi heard the fire siren.

Ka mea atu te kotiro ki tana whaea...
That girl said to her mother...

Ka whakatika te kōtiro , ka mua ki te kīaka.
The girl got up and took a calabash.

Ka noho ia i tētahi rākau e noho he tāngata i raro.
[He] came to rest in a tree under which some people sat.

Ka kite mātou i te Wind Wand, ā, ka hīkoi i te ara moana.
We saw the Wind Wand, and walked on the beach walkway.

Ka mōhio taku hoa ki te tangata .
My friend knows that man.

Ka rere mai ngā waka i tai ki uta.
The canoes came from the sea to the shore.

Ka a ia, ka karanga mai i waho i te whare.
He stood and called from outside the house.

Ka oma mai ngā tamariki i muri i te whare.
The children ran up from behind the house.

Ka kite a Aria i te kōrua.
Aria saw the crayfish.

Ka roherohea taua moana e rātou.
That sea was divided up by them.

Ka ia, ā, ka kōrero.
He stood and spoke.

Ka kauhoe ia i Rotorua ki Mokoia.
She swam from Rotorua to Mokia.

Ka pātōtō ia ki te kūaha.
She knocks on the door.

Ka haere mātou ki te tāone i nga Tāite.
We go to town on Thursdays.

Ka hoki atu ngā tamariki ki te kura āpōpō.
The children are returning to school tomorrow.

Ka heke iho ko ngā roimata.
The tears fall down (representing the rain).

Ka puta taua tini ki waho o te .
That group went out of the pā.

Ka kite au i a ia, ka aroha atu.
When I saw her I was moved.

Ka mau ki tana mere pounamu, ke hoatu ki te tamaiti ariki o taua ope nei.
[He] took his greenstone mere and gave it to the young leader of this group.

Ka puta katoa ki waho ngā tāngata o te ki te tahu kai.
All the people of the pā came outside to cook food.

Ka oho te tini i roto i te whare manuhiri.
The party at the visitor's house woke up.

Ka mea atu a Kupe ki a Hotu,
Kupe said to Hotu, "We must return".

Ka mīharo rātou, me te tino whakamihi.
They were all full of admiration, and very grateful.

Ka hoki te ope ki tana .
That group returned to its pā.

Ka kīa e te taitamariki he mea mahi ki te mākutu.
The young people said it was done with black magic.

Ka puta a Pihihuia me te wai.
Puhihuia appeared with the water.

Ka whakarongo puku a Ponga.
Pongo listened in silence.

Ka mau ana te ururoa ka kaha whawhai ia kia ora ake anō.
Whenever a shark was caught it put up a terrific fight to survive and personifies the epitome of striving.

Ka haere a Te Kooti.
Te Kooti goes.

Ka karakia ia i ngā karakia ngā taniwha moana.
He chanted the incantations for the taniwha of the sea.

Ka pahure te .
They passed the pā.

Ka tae mai te taraka o Mia me ngā tēpu, me ngā tūru.
Mia's truck arrived with the tables and the chairs.

Ka ngā tamāhine i te mataihi katau o te marae.
The daughters stood at the front right of the marae.

Ka kōrero ia ki tētahi atu āpiha.
He talked to another officer.

Ka roa, ka haere atu ia.
After a while, he left.

Ka tangi ngā tamāhine ki rātou pāpā.
The daughters mourned for their father.

Ka tūpeke a ia i reira.
He jumped into the air there.

Ka kitea au.
I am seen.

Ka titiro a Kauri ki te parani i runga i te pounamu.
Kauri looked at the brand on the bottle.

Ka māharahara te rōpā ki te mate whakamomori o tana ariki.
That slave was anxious that his master might commit suicide.

Ka pupihi te hau, ha hingahinga ngā rākau, ka rere ngā tīni o te whare.
The wind blew, the trees blew over and roofing iron blew off.

Ka haere i te ara i runga i te rangitoto.
They went along the path over the coria.

Ka puta te iwi i te .
The tribe emerged from the pā.

Ka mutu te kai, ka ia...
When the meal was over, he said...

Ka tae tētahi tauhou ki te kāinga.
A certain stranger came to the village.

Ka haere a Mere.
Mary goes.

Ka hoe mai whaka te tauranga waka i Onehunga.
They rowed through the canoe anchorage at Onehunga.

Ka patua katoatia.
All [the people] were killed.

Ka whakatika te ope tamariki nei, ka tātou i a rātou te haere.
The group of young people got ready and girded themselves for the journey.

Ka kapo au i te .
I snatched the gun.

Ka mahana haere te kaimoana i te .
The seafood is getting warm in the sun.

Ka tātua i a rātou te haere.
They girded themselves for the journey.

Ka whāngaia ngā manu e ia.
The birds were fed by her.

Ka puta mai te mate moe ki a Te Tahi.
Te Tahi became sleeopy.

Ka tītaha a Matariki ki te uru.
The Pleiades had descended to the west from its highest point.

Ka tuhi ia i ngā kupu.
He wrote the words.

Ka nui taku hiahia kia kite i a koe!
I greatly desire to see you.

Ka mai te tumuaki ki te mihi ki a rātou.
The headmaster stood up to greet them.

Ka mamae aku turi, ngā wāhi katoa ōku, engari kāore e heke taku taumaha.
They hurt my knees, and every other part of me, yet I don't seem to lose any weight.

Ka herea e ia tāua kurī.
He tied up our dog.

Ka nui te mīti, te hēki me te tuna.
There's plenty of meat, eggs and eels.

Ka kite o reira taitamariki rangatira i taua kōtiro nei, i a Puhihuia,.
The young chiefs from there was this girl, Puhihuia.

Ka mau ki te kākahu o waho.
And took hold of her outer garment.

Ka mahana haere ngā .
The nights get warmer.

Ka waiho tonu tātou hei tinihangatanga tātou whaea.
We are always left cheated by our mother.

Ka kuhu mai te hoa o Mere.
Mere's friend comes in.

Ka tae ki te teihana, ā, ka hīkoi mātou i te taha moana ki Te Papa.
We arrived at the station and we walked by the sea to Te Papa Tongarewa National Museum.

Ka haere ki Zealandia te kawhe.
I went to Zealandia for a coffee.

Ka whakatika atu ētahi ki te pōwhiri i waho o te .
Some stood to wave outside the pā.

Ka maremare rawa atu ahau.
I had to cough.

Ka mea atu a Kupe ki a Hotu...
Kupe said to Hotu...

Ka noho au ki te moenga inu ai i taku kawhe.
I sat in bed and drank my coffee.

Ka pahemo te awa o Tōrere.
He passed Tōrere's stream.

Ka takaia, ka kawea, ka whakairia ki runga ki te kauere.
They wrapped him up and took him and suspended him in a puriri tree.

Ka waiho he wāhi kia tuwhera ana i waenganui i ngā taiepa kōhatu nei.
A place was left open between the stone walls.

Ka pōwhiri ia i a Pongo.
She beckoned to Pongo.

Ka mutu tonu te kōrero ki konei.
The story finishes right here.

Ka whakawhanaunga koe ki a ia?
Do you relate to him?

Ka kite a i te mamaha e puta ake ana i mua o te tereina.
Tū saw the steam rising from the front of the train.

Ka kite atu ngā tāne o tēnei i ngā wāhine o tērā.
The men of this [tribe] saw the women of that [tribe].

Ka tae te ope ki ā rātou mea i mahia mai i Āwhitu.
The group took their things which had been made in Āwhitu.

Ka aha koe i ngā hararei?
What do you do in the holidays?

Ka hoki te kōrero ki a Hotu i ruku i te punga o rāua waka.
The story returns to Hotu who had dived for the anchor of their canoe.

Ka mutu te mahi inanahi, ka haere mātou ki te tāone.
When yesterday's work was finished, we went to town.

Ka mai tētahi o aua wāhine .
One of those women stood up.

Ka haere te ope o Ngāti-Kahukoka i mua o ēnei.
The Ngāti-Kahukoka group went in front of them.

Ka karanga atu te rōpū whakaeke ki ngā tangata whenua.
The group ascending onto the marae calls back to the people of the land/marae.

Ka hapū anō hoki ia i muri iho i a Kōpako.
She conceived again after Kōpako.

Ka patua taua kai e ia ki te manga o te kawakawa.
He struck that food with the branch of the kawakawa.

Ka kitea kua puta i tētahi taha o te , kua haere whakatētahi taha o te .
They were seen emerging from one side of the pā, going towards the other side.

Ka rite i te tokomaha te whakataāe te hei hokinga rātou.
The many young people reached agreement on the day for their return.

Ka hoki mai roto i te nehenehe.
They returned by way of the patch of bush.

Ka mutu te kōrero.
The discussion finished.

Ka atu anō he wahine.
Another woman stood up.

Ka umere me te kata.
They shouted and laughed.

Ka tangi te pere ākuanei.
The bell has rung.

Ka rongo tētahi tangata i ngā kōrero a taua tangata nei.
A man heard what this man here said.

Ka mau anō te kōtiro i te ipu.
That girl picked up the calabash again.

Ka karanga ki tana rōpā ki te wai ki a ia.
He called to his slave to get water for him.

Ka kiriweti ia ki ngā mahi whakapātaritari a tōna tungāne.
She gets annoyed with the teasing antics of her brother.

Ka mataku ngā kararehe i te whatitiri.
Thunder frightens animals.

Ka pangaa atu to pāoro e Niko ki a Nikau.
Niko passes the ball to Nikau.

Ka whakatika aua wāhine nei, ka whai atu i taua tokotoru.
Those women stood up and followed those three.

Ka mātihe a Honi.
Honi sneezed.

Ka rongo ahau i tētahi waiata pai i tēnei .
I heard a nice song today.

Ka kite mai a Rangi-uru-hinga, he taniwha tēnei kei Moana-ariki e noho ana, i te kino o te mahi a Kupe ki a Hotu.
Rangi-uru-hinga, who was a taniwha living in Moana-ariki, saw the wickedness of Kupu's treatment of Hotu.

Ka haere noa atu te iwi whenua ki ō rātou kāinga.
The local tribe went to their home.

Ka nui taku aroha ki a koe.
My love for you knows no bounds.

Ka tono tonu ia i ngā turituri.
He kept hearing noises.

Ka rongo tana whaea i tana ui ki te hinu rautangi.
His mother listened to his question about scented oil.

Ka mutu ōna tohu, ka noho ki raro.
When his instructions were ended, he sat down.

Ka pīrangi ia ki ngā mea katoa.
He wants all the things.

Ka pōwhiri ki ana ringaringa.
She beckoned with her hands.

Ka hokona e ua te koti te whā rau tāra.
She bought that coat for four hundred dollars.

Ka mea atu te rōpā , 'He kai.'
The slave said, 'Food!'.

Ka piki puku atu hoki a Ponga i muri i a ia.
Ponga also climbed up silently behind her.

Ka tino kaha rawa tōna tangi ki tōna mamae.
She mourned deeply for her pains.